The Transaction Cost Index's Year Two Comparative Report builds on the first year’s efforts to systematically measure the real costs of using mobile money in low- and middle-income countries. This report refines and expands previous methodologies, particularly focusing on locally recruited mystery shoppers to capture the actual experiences of consumers navigating digital financial services. It examines official pricing and taxation across 16 countries, along with rates of informal agent fees and non-monetary costs such as service quality and transaction failures and associated time lost. Additionally, it provides new insights into price transparency and regulatory trends.